Abstract

GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS: A BRIEF OVERVIEW

Rekha Bisht*

ABSTRACT

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a well-characterized disease affecting the health of mother and fetus. It is a global health problem, not only because its pervasiveness is high, but also because of the potential consequences due to GDM for the health of mothers and their offsprings. Correct screening and management of GDM is important for ensuring healthy pregnancy outcomes. If it is not treated properly, GDM results in maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Improved outcomes therefore depend on early diagnosis and proper glycaemic control. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the clinical implications, factors responsible for GDM, various ways to screen and diagnose GDM, latest recommended management strategies during pregnancy especially oral hypoglycemic agent and the long-term consequences of GDM in the offspring.

Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Insulin Resistance.