Abstract

ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES OF AQUEOUS DECOCTION OF THE TRUNK BARKS FROM LANNEA MICROCARPA ENGL. AND K. KRAUSE (ANACARDIACEAE) IN RODENTS

*Nitiéma Mathieu, Ilboudo Sylvain, Belemnaba Lazare, Ouédraogo Geoffroy Gueswindé, Ouédraogo Salfo, Ouédraogo Noufou, Ouédraogo Sylvin and Guissou Innocent Pierre

ABSTRACT

Lannea microcarpa Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiaceae) is a multipurpose plant mostly distributed in various tropical African countries, including Burkina Faso and commonly known as African grape in French. To ensure safe use of the plant, acute and sub-acute toxicity studies were undertaken with the trunk barks aqueous extract of Lannea microcarpa (LMaq) in NMRI male mice and Wistar rats respectively, in accordance with Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) test guidelines. The acute toxicity was performed with the single dose of 2000 mg/kg of body weight (bw). Observations were made and recorded for 24 h, and once daily further for a period of 14 days. For sub-acute study, four groups of 10 animals (5 per sex) received orally distilled water (control), and 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg of LMaq, respectively, every 24 h for 28 days. At the end of sub-acute study, biochemical parameters were evaluated. No mortality was observed at single dose of 2000 mg/kg bw. The LD50 value was estimated to 5000 mg/kg bw. In the 28 days sub-acute oral toxicity study in rats, there was no mortality observed for all tested doses in both sex. Furthermore, there was no significant difference observed in food and water consumption, relative organs, body weights, biochemical profile in animals, compared to the control. Therefore, analysis of results may lead to the conclusion that oral administration of LMaq for 28 days does not cause toxicity. These results suggest a safe use of Lannea microcarpa trunk barks based remedies for human or veterinary medicines.

Keywords: Lannea microcarpa, Biochemical parameters, Traditional medicine, Wistar rats, NMRI mice.