Abstract

ARAUCARIA HETEROPHYLLA: THE REVIEW

A R Patil*, A B Darekar, R B Saudagar

ABSTRACT

Araucaria is a genus of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Araucariaceae. A handsome, statuesque tree. Due to its size and form the Norfolk Island Pine can provide a good contrast to other landscape elements and is a feature of many Australian coastal towns. It is one of the species of Araucariaceae. This large evergreen has a single upright trunk, tiered branching habit, and a narrow pyramidal or columnar shape. Eventually reaching a height of about 80 feet, the tree possesses a rapid growth rate. The tree would grow taller, but lightning frequently limits height growth in the eastern U.S. The dark green, 1/2- inch-long, individual leaves on young trees are lanceolate and look somewhat like spruce or fir needles at first glance. Mature leaves are somewhat contorted on twisted branches. Both leaf types appear on the tree at the same time. The trunk is often curved and swollen at the base and black. The large, spiny, 10 to 15-pound cones are rare in cultivation. The most widely cultivated of the araucarias. Norfolk Island Pine is well suited to coastal situations where, in Australia, it has become an iconic species. Possibly used in coastal towns as landmarks for shipping. Species is suited to urban landscapes, both coastal and inland. Also used as street tree where space allows (Zone of upheaval 4.0m to 5.0m diameter) . Good tree for open space. Norfolk Island Pine can also be used as an indoor plant and is often seen as a Christmas tree. Prune to central trunk otherwise little pruning is required. Supplemental irrigation to establish trees is essential. Roots are surface orientated and can lift hard surfaces. Consideration will need to be given to allowing room for both upper crown development and root buttress expansion.

Keywords: Araucariaceae, Araucaria heterophylla, Norfolk Island Pine.