STUDIES ON THE NEPHROPROTECTIVE AND NEPHROTOXICITY EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS (LEMON GRASS) ON WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Adegbegi J. Ademuyiwa*, Seyifunmi O. Elliot, Komolafe Y. Olamide, Akintemi A. Omoyemi and Oluwayomi S. Funmi
ABSTRACT
Reactive oxygen species and free radicals are involved in the nephrotoxicity induced by both synthetic and medicinal drug. The nephroprotective and nephrotoxicity effects of ethanolic extract of Cymbopogon citratus (200mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 1000mg/kg, 2000mg/kg, 4000mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg) administration was investigated for oxidative renal damage in albino rats. In the determination of the effects of graded dosages ethanolic extract of Cymbopogon citratus on the creatinine, total protein and albumin levels, no significant (p<0.05) difference was observed in all treated groups when compared with control. Also, lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring the malondialdehyde level in serum, the result showed no significant
(p<0.05) difference in all treated groups as compared with control. Similar result was obtained in haematological parameters : packed cell volume (PCV), platelets, total white blood cell count (TWBC) and red blood cell (RBC) results as the values obtained in the extract treated groups was still within normal biological values with respect to control. Histopathology analysis result showed that lemon grass administration caused no observable toxicity in the kidney of albino rats as no visible lesion was seen in the electron photomicrograph of the extract treated groups when compared with the control. In conclusion, ethanolic extract of Cymbopogon citratus possessed nephroprotective properties.
Keywords: Reactive oxygen species; Nephrotoxicity; Cymbopogon citratus; kidney; Haematological parameters; Histopathology.
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