EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF PIPER BETLE [LINN.]LEAVES AGAINST STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS
*S. N. Deshpande and D. G. Kadam
ABSTRACT
Dental caries is the most common chronic oral disease. Streptococcus mutans is the most common causative agent of the dental caries. Piper betle L. has been used in traditional folk medicine to treat dental caries. In the present study the antibacterial activity of various solvent extracts of Piper betle leaves was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans by agar diffusion method. Methanol extract showed significant activity [32.6±1.1] followed by ethyl acetate. The MIC of methanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extract was 2.5 mg/ml while for chloroform extract it was 5 mg/ml.Preliminary Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, fixed oils and fats and cardiac glycosides.GCMS analysis revealed the presence
of eugenol and 4 chromanol in all the solvent extracts [under study] of Piper betle leaves. The results of present study support the use of Piper betle in folk medicine.
Keywords: Dental caries, Streptococcus mutans, Piper betle, antibacterial activity, MIC, GCMS analysis.
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