Abstract

DURATION OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS, BY 1ST, 2ND, 3RD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY, AND ITS EFFECTS ON PREGNANCY OUTCOMES

Dr. Velusamy Sivakumar*, Ayyalu Rajasekeran, Suchandra Sen, Arumugam Vijayakumar

ABSTRACT

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with many adverse outcome. The earlier development of GDM exposes the mother and fetus for longer duration, this changes in the length of GDM reflects in the outcome of pregnancy. This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of duration of GDM on outcome of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: Totally 330 GDM women were included in the study between Jan 2003 to Dec 2012. Pre-existing diabetes, renal diseases, pregnancy induced hypertension and immune diseases women were excluded from the study. Study population were categorized as 1st trimester group (onset of GDM between 1st to 13th week), 2nd trimester group (GDM between 14th to 27th week) and 3rd trimester group (28th week to labour). GDM associated maternal and neonatal complications were assessed. ANOVA and student ‘t’ test were used; significance was <0.05. Results: The average duration of GDM for 1st trimester group was 25.6 ± 3.39, for 2nd trimester group 12.44 ± 3.98 and for 3rd trimester group 2.95 ± 4.20. We found no significant difference between the groups in the complications like PIH, caesarean section, preterm delivery, apgar score, SGA, macrosomia, hypoglycaemia and hyperbilirubinemia except for Large for gestational age (LGA), around 20% of babies were LGA in 1st trimester group. Conclusions: The pregnancy outcome remain same for all the groups. The duration of GDM doesn’t have any influence on the development of GDM associated complications.

Keywords: GDM, Gestational diabetes, duration, trimester, outcome.