Abstract

GASTRORETENTIVE SYSTEM OF METFORMIN: APPROACHES TO EFFERVESCENT TABLET

Sudhanshu K Chakravati*, Javed Khan Pathan, Sapna Malviya, Anil Kharia, Neelam Khan and Naveen kumar

ABSTRACT

Effervescent tablet generally contains in addition to active ingredients, mixture of acids/acid salts (Citric, Tartaric, Malic acid or any other suitable acid or acid anhydride) and carbonate and hydrogen carbonates (Sodium, Potassium or any other suitable alkali metal carbonate or hydrogen carbonate) which release carbon dioxide when mixed with water. Occasionally, active ingredient itself could act as the acid or alkali metal compound necessary for effervescent reaction. Effervescent tablets are uncoated tablets that generally contain acid substances and carbonates or bicarbonates and which react rapidly in the presence of water by releasing carbon dioxide. Effervescent tablets are designed to produce a solution rapidly with the simultaneous release of carbon dioxide. When such a tablet is dropped into a glass of water, a chemical reaction is initiated between the acid and sodium bicarbonate to from the sodium salt of the acid, and produce carbon dioxide and water. The reaction is quite rapid and is usually completed within one minute or less. These formulations were subjected to various evaluation parameters like preformulation, hardness, friability, in-vitro release studies and stability studies. Metformin reduces hepatic glucose output, largely by inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis, it also slow intestinal absorption of sugars. Metformin is well absorbed orally.

Keywords: Effervescent Tablets, Metformin hydrochloride, Reduce glucose absorption.