Abstract

IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND PANCREATIC ENZYMES INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES OF ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF HYPSIZYGUS TESSELLATUS

Sinchana H. Gowda*, Dr. Suresha B. S., Dr. T. balasubramanian

ABSTRACT

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and pancreatic enzyme inhibitory activities of the ethyl acetate extract of Hypsizygus tessellatus. Fresh mushrooms were collected, authenticated, dried, powdered, and extracted using ethyl acetate by Soxhlet extraction. The extraction yielded 21.4 g of extract from 450 g of mushroom material, corresponding to a yield of 4.75%. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and tannins, and cardiac glycosides. The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated using DPPH radical-scavenging, phosphomolybdenum, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, while total phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The extract exhibited concentration-dependent DPPH radical-scavenging activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 261.79 µg/ml, compared with 37.33 µg/ml for ascorbic acid. At 75 µg, the extract exhibited phosphomolybdenum antioxidant activity equivalent to 21.31 µg of ascorbic acid, whereas 200 µg of extract showed FRAP activity equivalent to 69.33 µg of ascorbic acid. The total phenolic content of the extract at 100 µg was equivalent to 16.49 µg of gallic acid. The extract also demonstrated concentration-dependent pancreatic lipase inhibition, ranging from 17.61% to 57.26% at concentrations of 50–250 µg/ml, with an IC₅₀ value of 218.88 µg/ml. Cholesterol esterase inhibition was comparatively weaker, ranging from 8.14% to 24.40%, with an IC₅₀ value of 558.2 µg/ml. Overall, the ethyl acetate extract of H. tessellatus demonstrated appreciable antioxidant and pancreatic enzyme inhibitory activities, suggesting its potential as a source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and lipid-modulating properties. Further studies are required to identify the active constituents and validate these findings through mechanistic and in vivo investigations.

Keywords: Hypsizygus tessellatus, edible mushroom, ethyl acetate extract, antioxidant activity, DPPH, FRAP, phosphomolybdenum; total phenolic content; pancreatic lipase; cholesterol esterase.