Abstract

INTEGRATIVE ANATOMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE HAMSTRING COMPLEX, LUMBOPELVIC RHYTHM, AND GRIDHRASI IN YOGASANA

Dr. Manish Prakashrao Zate*, Dr. Pragalbh M. R.

ABSTRACT

This study explores the anatomical and biomechanical aspects of the hamstring group, drawing parallels between modern anatomy and Ayurvedic concepts. The modern hamstring group comprises the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris, which are crucial for hip extension and knee flexion. In Ayurveda, these muscles are associated with Mamsa Peshi and Kandara, with the latter being large tendon like structures in the lower extremities. The hamstring complex also intersects critical Marma points, where trauma can lead to mobility loss. The biomechanical analysis highlights the role of hamstrings in lumbopelvic rhythm during forward bending. Tightened hamstrings, often due to Vata Kapha accumulation, restrict anterior pelvic tilt, leading to compensatory hyperflexion of the lumbar spine and increased lumbar strain. This condition can compress lumbar intervertebral discs, particularly at L4-L5 andS1, exacerbating sciatica symptoms (Gridhrasi). In Ayurveda, this is characterised by Stambha (stiffness) and Sankocha (shortening) due to elevated Ruksha and Khara qualities of Vata Dosha, often accompanied by Kapha obstruction in the Mamsavaha Srotas. The classical symptoms of Gridhrasi include pain (Ruk), pricking sensations (Toda), and stiffness radiating from the gluteal region to the foot. This study underscores the importance of understanding both anatomical and Ayurvedic perspectives in managing hamstring-related conditions and associated sciatica.

Keywords: Gridhrasi, Hamstring complex, Kandara, Lumbopelvic rhythm, Snayu, Yogasana.