Abstract

CHLORHEXIDINE IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF ITS PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, CLINICAL APPLICATIONS, AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

Dr. Clelia Rose Wilson, Dr. Sai Shruthi H. N., *Dr. Parisa N. Baghkomeh, 4Dr. J. Mohammed Farzan

ABSTRACT

Background: Chlorhexidine (CHX) is widely regarded as the gold standard chemical plaque control agent because of its antimicrobial activity against diverse oral pathogens, high substantivity and established effectiveness in reducing dental biofilm. In pediatric dentistry, it serves as an important adjunct to mechanical plaque control for the prevention and management of plaque related oral diseases. However, concerns regarding adverse effects, antimicrobial resistance, and appropriate clinical indications necessitate evidence based prescribing. Aim: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of chlorhexidine in pediatric dentistry by discussing its historical evolution, mechanism of action, commercially available formulations, clinical applications, advantages, limitations, adverse effects, current recommendations, and future perspectives. Methods: A narrative review of the published literature was undertaken using evidence from peer reviewed articles, systematic reviews, clinical trials, and professional guidelines addressing the pharmacological properties and clinical use of chlorhexidine in pediatric dental practice. Results: The reviewed evidence supports chlorhexidine as an effective adjunctive antimicrobial agent in pediatric dentistry for plaque control and the management of plaque-related oral diseases. However, its use should be evidence based and balanced against potential adverse effects. Conclusion: Chlorhexidine remains a safe and effective adjunct in pediatric dentistry when prescribed judiciously and in accordance with evidence based guidelines. Continued advances in drug delivery systems and formulation technologies are expected to enhance its clinical efficacy while minimizing adverse effects, thereby strengthening its role in contemporary pediatric oral healthcare.

Keywords: Chlorhexidine, Pediatric dentistry, Dental plaque, Dental caries, Antimicrobial agents, Oral health.