Abstract

REVIEW ON GREENNESS OF REPORTED ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE ESTIMATION OF METOPROLOL SUCCINATE AND TELMISARTAN IN MARKETED FORMULATION

Sneha Dominic*, Varun Dev, Aneena George, Kavitha M.P, K. Krishnakumar

ABSTRACT

The growing emphasis on environmentally sustainable pharmaceutical analysis has encouraged the implementation of Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) principles to minimise the environmental impact of analytical procedures. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the reported analytical methods for the simultaneous estimation of Metoprolol Succinate and Telmisartan in marketed tablet formulations from a greenness perspective. Reported methods, including UV spectrophotometry, Normal-Phase High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (NP-HPTLC), Reversed-Phase High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (RP-HPTLC), Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC), and Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC), were critically evaluated with respect to their analytical characteristics and environmental sustainability. The greenness of each selected method was assessed using two validated evaluation tools, namely the Analytical Eco-Scale and the Analytical GREEnness (AGREE) metric, considering factors such as reagent hazards, solvent consumption, waste generation, energy requirements, automation, and operational efficiency. Comparative assessment revealed that the UV spectrophotometric method exhibited the highest greenness, whereas UHPLC offered the best balance between environmental sustainability and analytical performance due to its reduced solvent consumption, automation, and enhanced chromatographic efficiency. RP-HPLC, RP-HPTLC, and NP-HPTLC showed comparatively lower greenness because of higher solvent usage, procedural complexity and the employment of more hazardous reagents. Overall, this review highlights the significance of integrating standardized greenness assessment tools into analytical method evaluation to support environmentally responsible method selection and promote sustainable practices in pharmaceutical quality control.

Keywords: Green Analytical Chemistry; Analytical Eco-Scale; AGREE Metric; Metoprolol Succinate; Telmisartan; Pharmaceutical analysis; Greenness assessment.