Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON IN-SITU NASAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Shrikant S. Kavitake*, Dr. Abhishek Nagar

ABSTRACT

The nasal route of drug delivery has gained significant attention due to its several advantages, including rapid onset of action, improved patient compliance, avoidance of hepatic first-pass metabolism, and the possibility of direct drug transport to the brain. In the nasal cavity, nasal mucosa had a high blood perfusion rate, due to this the absorption of the drug is high as compared to other routes, as well as has increased good bioavailability of drugs at the systemic circulation. However, despite these benefits, nasal drug delivery faces notable limitations, particularly the short residence time of drugs in the nasal cavity caused by mucociliary clearance. To overcome this challenge, in situ forming gels have emerged as a promising strategy. In recent years, in situ gel delivery systems have received a great deal of attention among researchers. The in-situ gelation mechanism has several advantages over ointments, the most notable being the ability to provide regular and continuous drug delivery with no impact on visual clarity. In situ gels combine the beneficial properties of hydrogels, such as elasticity and high water-retention capacity, with stimulus responsiveness, allowing easy administration through spraying or extrusion while ensuring prolonged nasal residence time. This review highlights the challenges barriers to the nasal drug delivery and the desired characteristics, approaches, formulation methods, evaluation parameters of in situ nasal gels. Subsequently, it discusses commonly used gelling polymers.

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