Abstract

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS MOMORDICA CHARANTIA (CHARANTIN) AND MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ (RUTIN) TO STUDY THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS AS ANTI-MICROBIAL AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITY

Pragya Saxena, Dr. Arpit Katiyar*, Sharmila Maurya

ABSTRACT

In developing countries all over the world 80% of population continues to use traditional medicine in primary medical problems. Therefore, the research has been focused on scientific evaluation of traditional drugs of plant origin. Momordica charantia and Manihot esculenta crantz is one of such plant that hasbeen used as medicine. The present investigation is carried out for phytochemical composition, analytical characterization and synergistic antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Momordica charantia ant Manihot esculenta. Phytochemical screening result shows that methanol extracts of M. charantia include glycosides, phytosterols, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, and saponins. The ethanolic extract of Manihot esculenta crantz contains tannins, gums, mucilages, steroid and flavonoid chemicals, carbohydrates, and coumarins. Thin layer chromatography shows thatcharantin was detected in M.charantialeaves with an Rf value of 0.45 and Various Rf values 0.30 and 0.34 were obtained using ethyl acetate, butanone, formic acid, and water as solvents. UV spectra show charantin's absorption peak at 339 nm and for rutinat λmax between 200-400 nm. High-performance liquid chromatography confirmed the presence of semi-purified charantin at a wavelength of 204 nm and Manihot esculenta crantzethanolic extract contains one chemical with a retention duration of 2.482 minutes, similar to the reference rutin chromatograph at 2.618 minutes. Infra-red spectroscopy also confirmed the existence of charantin and rutin. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the agar well diffusion method. The fruit extracts of Momordica charantia have demonstrated broad range antimicrobial properties. However, when this extract was combined with the extract of Manihot esculenta crantz in ratio of (1:1) with M.charantia leaf extract it showed significant inhibition (p≤0.05). The results suggest that Gram-positive bacteria are more sensitive than Gram-negative bacteria. At concentrations of 50, 75, and 100 μg/ml, the extract combination and standard doses had ZOIs of 9.19±0.11, 11.05±0.53, and 18.02±0.52mm, whereas the standard dose had ZOIs of 9.02±0.21, 12.09±0.31, and 16.01±0.44mm. The overall study underscores the extraction, isolation and characterisation methods in determining the phytochemistry, bioactive potential and highlights on the synergistic effects as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity developing better neutraceutical or pharmaceutical.

Keywords: Momordica charantia, Manihot esculenta crantz, charantin, cutin, Antioxidant, antimicrobial.