Abstract

STUDY OF BIOTRANSFORMATION OF MEFENAMIC ACID AND BIOMOLECULES AND ADR (ADVERSE DRUG REACTION) MONITORING OF RELATED DRUGS

Sweta Kumari*, Rajaram R. Rajbhar*

ABSTRACT

Mefenamic acid is a widely prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is commonly used for the management of pain, inflammation, fever, dysmenorrhea, and various musculoskeletal disorders. Despite its clinical effectiveness, prolonged or inappropriate use of mefenamic acid may result in adverse drug reactions, particularly involving the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, and central nervous system. This review focuses on the biotransformation of mefenamic acid, its interaction with biological systems, and the importance of adverse drug reaction (ADR) monitoring to ensure safe and effective therapy. The metabolic pathway of mefenamic acid, including hepatic metabolism through oxidation and glucuronidation, is discussed along with the formation of its major metabolites and their elimination. The review also highlights the role of biomolecules and microbialbiotransformation in understanding the environmental fate and biological behavior of the drug. In addition, the mechanism of action, pharmaceutical formulations, analytical methods, and therapeutic applications of mefenamic acid have been summarized. Particular emphasis has been placed on pharmacovigilance and the need for continuous ADR monitoring to identify, prevent, and manage drug-related complications. Overall, understanding the metabolism and safety profile of mefenamic acid contributes to its rational clinical use and supports the development of safer therapeutic strategies while improving patient outcomes and medication safety.

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