Abstract

A REVIEW ON THE ROLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN NUTRACEUTICALS

Dolly Kumari*, Rajaram R. Rajbhar*

ABSTRACT

Nanotechnology is an evolving revolution with enormous promise in a variety of fields, including mechanics, medicine, and the food business. Nanoparticles owing to having greater surface area and enhanced rates of mass transfer seem to pose higher biological and chemical activities, penetrability, catalytic behavior, enzymatic reactivity, and quantum properties compared to large particles with the identical composition.[1] There are three techniques available for synthesizing different types of nanomaterials which are majorly based on the materials of interest.[2] The chemical methods have certain advantages over the physical ones, like, simplicity in operation, low temperature (<300°C) synthesis, easy onversion of the liquid product to thin films or dry powder, varied options for a variety of shapes and sizes of nanoparticles, incorporation of useful minerals during synthesis is possible,etc.[3] Nanoparticles are being applied for the structural modification of foods, e.g., nano-structured lipids have been introduced to duplicate the creamy texture of the foods in place of fat rich products. Such lipids are used as ingredients in frozen desserts, ice cream, nanostructured mayonnaise dairy spreads, etc. Nano-encapsulation is another prospective that provides possibilities for successive release of multiple bioactive compounds. Additives, like, synthetic lycopene, benzoic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, isoflavones, fat soluble vitamins, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, lutein, ß-carotene and enzymes.[4] Nano materials are used for the wrapping of food products offering solutions by heat resistant properties and modifying the penetration activities of foils, increasing the mechanical, chemical and microbial obstacle effects.[5] Nanotechnology provides a link between classical and quantum mechanics in a gray area called a mesoscopic system. This mesoscopic system is being used to manufacture nanoassemblies of nature such as agricultural products, nanomedicine, and nanotools for treatment and diagnostic purposes in the medical industry3.[6] With advances in science and technology, the scientific community adopts technologies and products that are relatively cheap, safe, and cleaner than previous technologies. Moreover, they are concerned about the financial standing of technologies, as natural resources in the world are shrinking excessively.[7] Most of these technologies have a set basis in computing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, material science renovations, and satellite technologies. Nanotechnology offers useful alterations in the physiochemical, mechanical, magnetic, electrical, and optical properties of computing materials which enable innovative and newer products.[8] Another application of nanotechnology in the computer and information industry comes in the form of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data platforms which have set the basis for the fourth industrial revolution. Vast amounts of raw data are collected through interconnected robotic devices, sensors, and machines which have properties of nanomaterials.[9] Hundreds of nanotechnology computer-related products have been marketed in the last 20 years of the nanotechnological revolution.[10] One of the important implications of nanotechnology in bioprocessing industries can be accustomed to fermentation processes; these technologies are under usage for greater industrial demand and improved biomolecule production at a very low cost, unlike traditional fermentation processes[11] One of the important implications of nanotechnology in bioprocessing industries can be accustomed to fermentation processes; these technologies are under usage for greater industrial demand and improved biomolecule production at a very low cost, unlike traditional fermentation processes.[12]

Keywords: .