Abstract

CEFTRIAXONE-INDUCED STEVENS–JOHNSON SYNDROME: A RARE CASE REPORT

Sushmitha R. Shetty*, Anuradha H. V.

ABSTRACT

Background: Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening mucocutaneous hypersensitivity reaction, most commonly associated with medications such as antiepileptics, sulfonamides, NSAIDs, and antibiotics. Although cephalosporins are widely used and generally safe, ceftriaxone-induced SJS is uncommon. Case Presentation: A 56-year-old male diagnosed with right intertrochanteric fracture received prophylactic ceftriaxone prior to surgery. Three days after administration, he developed painful erosive lesions involving the lips and scrotum. Dermatological evaluation confirmed Stevens–Johnson syndrome. Ceftriaxone was discontinued immediately and supportive treatment was initiated, resulting in gradual resolution of lesions. Assessment: Causality assessment using the WHO-UMC scaleclassified the adverse drug reaction as Probable. Hartwig and Siegel severity assessment indicated a moderate reaction (Level 3). Schumock and Thornton assessment categorized the reaction as not preventable. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the importance of early recognition and prompt withdrawal of the offending agent to reduce morbidity associated with SJS. Clinicians should remain vigilant for severe cutaneous adverse reactions even with commonly prescribed antibiotics such as ceftriaxone.

Keywords: Stevens–Johnson syndrome, Ceftriaxone, Adverse drug reaction, Severe cutaneous adverse reaction, Pharmacovigilance.