Abstract

CORRELATION OF HBA1C LEVEL IN LATE PREGNANCY WITH MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

*Eisha Abokresh, Mohamed Hamed F. A.

ABSTRACT

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common complications of pregnancy that can lead to both adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Women with GDM have greater risks of developing Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. Infants with GDM are more likely to be born macrosomic and to have excess weight at a later age. Increased levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) have also been associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and congenital abnormalities. This study examined the ability of HbA1c levels to recognize late pregnancy outcomes among women diagnosed with GDM at Zliten Medical Center, Zliten, Libya, between June 2024 and August 2025. Women with GDM (n=144) were compared with healthy pregnant women (n=177) serving as controls in a retrospective design. HbA1c levels were analyzed by comparing maternal pregnancy outcomes and rates of adverse pregnancy between both groups and then estimating the predictive value of abnormal HbA1c levels for the development of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Women who had gestational diabetes (GDM) had statistically higher levels of HbA1c when compared to those women who were in the control group (P1). The combined predictive accuracy of HbA1c for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with GDM as reported by the ROC analysis was 96.49% for sensitivity and 77.19% for specificity. Thus, elevated HbA1c levels may be reliable predictors for the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women classified as high-risk.

Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, HbA1C, Late trimester, Libya.