Abstract

ADVANCEMENT OF AI IN PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH: DRUG SYNTHESIS AND DRUG DISCOVERY (1,3,4, OXADIAZOLE)

Mahesh N. Pingale*, Mukta S. Shikhare, Nirmiti N. Shetepatil, Sabiya A. Shaikh,
Supriya N. Sabale, Pooja. M. Salunke

ABSTRACT

A series of substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives, namely 2-phenyl-5-benzylideneamino-1,3,4-oxadiazole and 2-phenyl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-oxadiazole, were synthesized and characterized for their potential biological significance. The synthesis involved the preparation of the hydrazino intermediate followed by condensation with substituted aromatic aldehydes to obtain Schiff base derivatives. The synthesized compounds were purified and characterized by melting point determination, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and spectroscopic techniques such as IR, ¹H NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The presence of characteristic functional groups including hydrazino (-NHNH₂), azomethine (-CH=N-), and oxadiazole ring vibrations confirmed the successful formation of the target compounds. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their pharmacological potential, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Preliminary biological screening indicated that the compounds exhibited moderate to significant activity against selected microbial strains and free radical scavenging assays, suggesting that the 1,3,4-oxadiazole nucleus plays an important role in enhancing biological activity. The study highlights the importance of Schiff base formation and heterocyclic modification in the development of novel biologically active molecules and provides a foundation for further structural optimization and pharmacological investigation of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives.

Keywords: 1,3,4-Oxadiazole, 2-Phenyl-5-benzylideneamino-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-Phenyl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-oxadiazole, Schiff base, Heterocyclic compounds, Hydrazino derivatives, Anti-inflammatory activity, Antioxidant activity, Synthesis and characterization.