Abstract

INSOMNIA: MECHANISMS, MANIFESTATIONS, AND MEDICINAL PLANTS IN MANAGEMENT

Sanjana Vyas, Sapna Desai*, Sohan Patel, Satyajit Sahoo, Dhananjay Meshram

ABSTRACT

Insomnia is essentially a condition in which an individual struggles with falling asleep, categorizing it as a sleep disorder. Numerous factors, such as anxiety or unhealthy sleep routines, can contribute to this issue and negatively affect overall health. It can leave individuals feeling exhausted, mentally hindered, and detached from their surroundings. This condition often arises from the imbalance of brain chemicals, including serotonin, dopamine, melatonin, and GABA, which influence the body’s sleep and wake cycles. While pharmacological treatments can provide immediate relief, these may also result in side effects like drowsiness, dependence, and cognitive tiredness. For this reason, non-pharmacological treatments, particularly cognitive and behavioral therapy, can improve sleep quality and lessen the likelihood of adverse effects, as they primarily target the underlying issues of the disorder. Natural remedies have gained popularity for their role in promoting restful sleep. Various herbs, such as valerian, hops, and ashwagandha, have relaxing properties that aid in falling asleep. Ultimately, managing insomnia requires a tailored and comprehensive strategy that encompasses lifestyle enhancements and natural treatments. It is not solely about increasing sleep duration but rather about enhancing sleep quality during the night.

Keywords: Insomnia, neurotransmitters, CBT-I, Pharmacological therapy, herbal medicine