Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON THE SPLEEN

*Wasim J. Bagwan, *Ravi U. Kurhade, *Sanjana A. Barsule, Rutuja Reddy, Asavari Dandanaik, Sharda Borule

ABSTRACT

The spleen is a well-vascularized secondary lymphoid organ, and despite its important roles in the maintenance of hematologic homeostasis and immune and defense strategies, it is one of the least understood body regions. Traditionally, it was considered simply a filter for blood cells, but advances in cellular immunology, imaging techniques, and molecular biology rapidly changed the manner in which scientists have viewed and considered its place in body immunity. From an anatomical standpoint, it is segmented into a white pulp section that primarily collaborates in immune adaptation and a red pulp section that coordinates various blood cell uptakes and releases. The marginal zone bridges both specialist functions, mediating early innate and also T-cell independent immune reactions. The spleen is an organ that is derived from any kind of tissue called connective tissue and is considered to emerge from the dorsal mesogastrium about the fifth week of gestation. Physiologically, it plays a role in the phagocytic removal of senescent erythrocytes, clearing encapsulated microorganisms, producing antibodies, and regulating the process of coordinated immune action. Clinically, diseases affecting the spleen, such as splenomegaly, hypersplenism, infarction, trauma, and hyposplenism, are linked to considerable morbidity and have macroimmunological implications. Traditional diagnostic techniques such as manual.

Keywords: Spleen; Splenic Anatomy; Splenic Physiology; Red Pulp; White Pulp; Immune Function; Hematopoiesis; Splenic Circulation; Splenomegaly; Splenic Disorders; Splenectomy; Splenic Regeneration.