Abstract

“NUTRACEUTICAL VALUE AND ANTIDIABETIC EFFICACY OF MICROGREENS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS”

Keerthi*, J. Archana

ABSTRACT

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic disorders globally, characterized by insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and oxidative stress-induced cellular dysfunction. Dietary interventions that incorporate functional foods rich in antioxidants and bioactive compounds have gained increasing attention as complementary strategies for managing diabetes. Microgreens, rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, minerals, and dietary fibers, exhibit superior nutritional and therapeutic potential compared to their mature plant forms. This review systematically explores the preclinical evidence supporting the therapeutic efficacy of Microgreens extract in T2DM management. A comprehensive literature survey was conducted using experimental studies on diabetic rat models induced by streptozotocin (STZ) or high-fat diets. The compiled results demonstrated that microgreen extracts significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels, improved glucose tolerance, enhanced insulin sensitivity, normalized lipid profiles, and elevated antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, GSH, and catalase). Histopathological findings further revealed preserved pancreatic islet morphology and ameliorated hepatic and renal damage in treated animals. The mechanisms of action were attributed to the inhibition of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), attenuation of oxidative stress, and modulation of insulin-signaling pathways (IRS-1 and GLUT2 upregulation). The discussion emphasizes multifaceted benefits as a functional food supplement that provides a sustainable, low-cost, and nutritionally rich approach to diabetes management. Although existing findings are promising, human clinical trials are warranted to validate efficacy, optimize dosage, and ensure safety. This review concludes that microgreens represents a potent nutraceutical with substantial potential to serve as an adjunct to conventional antidiabetic therapy and to promote holistic metabolic health.

Keywords: Microgreens, type 2 diabetes mellitus, antioxidants, insulin sensitivity.