Abstract

BIOMARKER-DRIVEN EVALUATION OF GOSSYPIN IN HIBISCUS VITIFOLIUS AND HEPATOTOXICITY ACTION AGAINST ANTI TUBERCULAR DRUG

V. Ragul*, P. Deepak, J. Chandru, K. Jagatheesan, R. Bhavan Shankar Raja,
R. Ranjith

ABSTRACT

Hepatotoxicity is liver damage induced by exposure tomedications, chemicals, herbal items, or environmentalpollutants. The liver, as the major organ for metabolism anddetoxification, is extremely vulnerable to toxic assaults, whichcan cause cellular dysfunction, oxidative stress, mitochondrialdamage, and inflammatory responses. Drug-induced liverinjury (DILI) is a major source of morbidity and the primaryreason for the discontinuation of approved treatments.Hepatotoxicity can be intrinsic, dose-dependent, andpredictable, as with acetaminophen overdose, or idiosyncratic,happening unexpectedly in sensitive individuals.Clinicalmanifestations include asymptomatic liver enzyme elevations,jaundice, cholestasis, abrupt liver failure, and death. Earlydetection is based on biochemical markers like ALT, AST,ALP, and bilirubin, as well as imaging and causality evaluationtechniques like the RUCAM scale. The primary management strategy consists of discontinuing the offending substance, providing supportive care, and, ifavailable, administering specialized antidotes. Understanding the causes, risk factors, and patterns of liver damage is critical for early detection, prevention, and safer drug development.

Keywords: Liver toxicity, Oxidative stress, Anti-tubercular drugs.