Abstract

AUTO BREWERY?SYNDROME: -?EXPLORING A RARE METABOLIC DISORDER

Sapna Desai*, Khushi Patel, Sohan Patel, Yagnesh Modi, Himanshu Panchal, Dhananjay?Meshram

ABSTRACT

An excessive presence of fermenting microorganisms within the digestive system leads to auto-brewery syndrome, also known as Gut Fermentation Syndrome, a condition that is frequently underrecognized. These microbes, particularly yeasts and more recently identified bacteria, transform carbohydrates into alcohol. This process can result in intoxication even when the person has not consumed alcohol, potentially causing safety issues and legal consequences. If ABS in a patient goes untreated, it can negatively affect their physical health, social interactions, mental state, and overall quality of life. This article discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing management of ABS. In recent decades, sporadic case reports have indicated that the disorder is primarily associated with an overabundance of yeast species including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans in the intestines. Its infrequency and the vague symptoms— such as dizziness, confusion, and stomach issues— often lead to misdiagnosis. Generally, confirming the diagnosis requires demonstrating heightened blood ethanol levels while fasting, along with supporting microbiological cultures. Current treatment strategies involve dietary changes to limit simple carbohydrates, antifungal medications, and the use of probiotics to restore a balanced gut microbiome. Although the understanding of ABS is still limited, enhancing awareness within the healthcare community can help avoid unnecessary psychological labels and achieve accurate diagnoses. Ongoing investigations into the gut

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