Abstract

NIDANA–SAMPRAPTI ANALYSIS OF RECURRENT SNEEZING AMONG EARLY-MORNING VEGETABLE VENDORS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

*Dr. K. M. Shailja Singh

ABSTRACT

Background: Frequent sneezing is a common concern among early-morning vegetable vendors exposed to cold air, dust, and organic particles. Ayurveda attributes such symptoms to Vata–Kapha vitiation leading to Pratishaya (nasal disorder). Objectives: To assess the occupational and lifestyle factors associated with recurrent sneezing among vegetable vendors in Mohanlalganj, Lucknow, and to interpret them through the Ayurvedic Nidana–Samprapti framework. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 vendors working in early-morning markets during January–March 2025. Data were collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire based on nidana panchaka. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were applied to examine associations, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Of 100 participants, 62% were male, and 35% were aged 30–39 years. Occupational exposure revealed poor mask use (84%), cold air exposure (72%), and dust inhalation (68%) as major irritant factors. Lifestyle-related nidana such as viruddha ahara (44%), irregular food timing (41%), and tobacco use (50%) were frequently observed. Statistically significant association was found between sneezing frequency and dust exposure (χ² = 9.12, p < 0.05) and cold air exposure (χ² = 8.46, p < 0.05). Dosha analysis showed Vata–Kaphaja predominance (52%). Work productivity was affected in 30% of participants. Conclusion: Occupational exposures and lifestyle factors contribute significantly to Vata–Kaphaja Pratishaya. Preventive measures such as mask use and dietary regulation may reduce morbidity.

Keywords: Recurrent sneezing, Pratishaya, Nidana, Samprapti, Vata--Kapha, Occupational exposure.