Abstract

A REVIEW ON ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR DETECTION OF EXOSOMES

Satyasai Kedarisetti, Dr. A. Krishna Manjari Pawar*

ABSTRACT

Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicle (EV) that is between 30 and 150 nm wide. They are important for how diseases work, how drugs work and how cells talk to each other. Different types of cells, like cancerous, microbial and plant cells, release them from multivesicular bodies. The purpose of this review is to give a full look at how exosomes are made, how they are structured and what they do in the body. We pay special attention to the current ways of finding and describing them. Some of the methods covered are Western blotting, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), High-Resolution Flow Cytometry, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) and Electron Microscopy. We go over the main ideas of each exosome profiling method, as well as its uses, pros and cons. The review states that the field continues to face challenges such as inadequate data processing capacity, excessive sensitivity and a lack of standards. Despite some limitations, these methods work well together to improve our understanding of exosome properties. Combining different analytical methods is essential to improving their suitability for drug delivery to specific areas and disease diagnosis. This review emphasizes the importance of improving and incorporating analytical methods to support the clinical and therapeutic potential of exosomes.

Keywords: Exosome, Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), Exosome Characterization Techniques, Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA).