Abstract

AYURVEDIC SHALAKYA TANTRA AND CONTEMPORARY OPHTHALMOLOGY: A PATHWAY TO INTEGRATIVE OCULAR HEALTHCARE

*Dr. Vaishali D. Thakare, Dr. Pratibha O. Pandav

ABSTRACT

Background: Eye disorders are a leading cause of visual impairment globally, with modern ophthalmology offering highly specialized diagnostic and surgical interventions. Parallelly, Ayurveda’s Shalakya Tantra, a specialized branch dealing with diseases above the clavicle, provides a holistic understanding of eye diseases (Netra Vikara) grounded in dosha’s theory and natural therapeutics. Despite differences in philosophy and practice, both systems aim to preserve vision and ocular health. Objective: This review explores the conceptual, diagnostic, and therapeutic parallels between modern ophthalmology and Ayurvedic Shalakya Tantra, with an emphasis on identifying opportunities for integrative, evidence-informed eye care. Methods: A narrative review of classical Ayurvedic texts, peer-reviewed journals, and modern clinical studies was conducted to compare anatomical understandings, disease classifications, andtreatment modalities. Particular focus was given to dry eye syndrome, corneal disorders, and diabetic eye disease. Results: Both systems present sophisticated approaches to ocular health. While modern ophthalmology emphasizes objective diagnostic tools and pharmaceutical or surgical intervention, Ayurveda offers personalized, dosha-based treatments like Netra Tarpana, Anjana, and Parisheka. Comparative clinical trials show promising outcomes, especially in managing dry eye disorders through Ayurvedic modalities. However, empirical validation and standardization remain key challenges. Conclusion: Integrating insights from Ayurvedic Shalakya Tantra and contemporary ophthalmology can enrich ocular disease management. With further research and standardization, Ayurveda’s preventive and therapeutic approaches may offer complementary support to mainstream ophthalmic practices, particularly in chronic or lifestyle-related eye disorders.

Keywords: Shalakya Tantra, Netra Vikara, Ayurveda and Ophthalmology, Dry Eye Syndrome, Netra Tarpana, Integrative Eye Care, Ocular Disease.