Abstract

A FEW NATURAL COMPOUNDS ARE ANTIHEPATOTOXIC OR HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY

Zubair Khan*, Abhay Pratap Singh, Priyanka Goel and Tanushi Chauhan

ABSTRACT

The liver, the largest gland that serves as a manufacturing, storage, and biotransformation organ, is susceptible to damage. Long-term liver cell (hepatocyte) damage occurs by chronic alcohol use, exposure to harmful chemicals, and some medications, such as tetracycline, paracetamol, anti-tubercular medications, chemotherapeutic medicines, and NSAIDS. A serious medical issue, drug-induced liver injury can take many different forms, from asymptomatic increase of liver enzymes to fulminant liver failure. Although there are numerous medications available in modern medicine that treat liver disorders, herbal therapy is still chosen since it is less expensive and is thought to be a safe treatment method with few adverse effects. Numerous scientists and researchers have documented the hepatoprotective properties of numerous medicinal plants over the years, primarily in the form of plant extracts. The goal of the current review is to gatherinformation on numerous medicinal plants that exhibit hepatoprotective action on a range of hepatotoxicity models. One of the largest and most important organs in the human body, the liver serves as the primary location for high levels of metabolism and waste. It plays an unexpected part in the upkeep, functionality, and control of the body's homeostasis. Nearly every metabolic route leading to development, illness prevention, nutrition supply, energy provision, and reproduction is impacted by it. The liver's primary roles include detoxification, bile secretion, vitamin storage, and the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Therefore, keeping the liver healthy is essential for general health and wellbeing. However, a variety of liver diseases, including cirrhosis, hepatitis, and alcoholic liver disease, can eventually result from prolonged and varied exposure to environmental toxins, chemicals like CCL4, drug habits, alcohol, infections, and autoimmune disorders, as well as prescription (antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents) and over-the-counter medications. Hepatoprotective drugs can treat these disorders. In recent years, hepatoprotective drugs have been studied using both in vitro and in vivo liver models. One of the most vital organs in the body, the liver plays a key part in controlling a variety of functions, including the metabolism, secretion, storage, and detoxification of both endogenous and foreign chemicals. Because of these roles, liver disorders continue to be a major public health concern and present challenges globally. Therefore, in order to treat liver ailments, it is vital to find less harmful and more effective medicinal alternatives. Utilising certain plants and eating various fruits have been fundamental to human health care, and numerous scientific studies have shown that the presence of chemical compounds known as phytochemicals in those plants and fruits is responsible for their positive health effects. The goal of the current review was to gather information based on studies on some fruits (grapefruit, cranberries, and grapes) and plants (cactus pear fruit, chamomile, silymarin, and spirulina) that are commonly consumed by humans and have shown hepatoprotective potential. Additionally, a resin (propolis) and certain phytochemicals extracted from fruits, plants, yeasts, and algae that have been tested in various hepato-toxicity models were examined.

Keywords: alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, hepatitis, medicinal herbs, heaptoprotective action, and liver injury.