Abstract

A REVIEW ON THE FUTURE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF GREEN CHEMISTRY

Aishwarya Dhanaji Sarvade* and Mahesh Chakradhar Gore

ABSTRACT

This work presents an overview of the 12 principles of green chemistry and their practical applications. Green chemistry refers to designing chemical products and processes that minimize the use and generation of harmful substances. Achieving the goals of green chemistry to protect the environment involves several key strategies. These include using biocatalysis, renewable raw materials like biomass, alternative solvents such as ionic liquids and supercritical fluids, water-based reactions, microwave-assisted processes, and new photocatalytic reactions. A central aim of green chemistry is to preserve natural resources while avoiding hazardous materials. By changing how we produce and consume chemicals, green chemistry helps reduce pollution and harmful waste—an important environmental objective. Developing safer technologies that protect both human health and ecosystems is critical. For example, reducing the release of toxic chemicals into the air can lower respiratory health risks. Additionally, designing safer chemicals offers opportunities to improve industrial processes by creating cleaner, more cost-effective products. This often involves replacing harmful chemicals with biological enzymes. This review discusses the 12 principles of green chemistry, illustrating how they help lower the environmental impact of chemical processes. It also explores potential drawbacks associated with these principles.

Keywords: green chemistry, biocatalysis, renewable, biopesticides, hazardous.