Abstract

ENDOMETRIAL CANCER: UNDERSTANDING THE RISK FACTORS, PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT

Disha Roy, Shubham Kolay, Kausik Sen, Sumana Roy, Tamalika Chakraborty, Sriparna KunduSen*

ABSTRACT

Endometrial carcinoma is a gynecological cancer that affects the endometrial lining. Its frequency has been gradually increasing in recent years. It primarily affects postmenopausal women with an alarming increase in cases amongst young women lately. Endometrial cancer develops because of multiple risk factors. The most prominent is prolonged exposure to estrogen without counterbalancing progesterone in conditions like obesity, PCOS, and hormone replacement therapy. Endometrial carcinoma is commonly divided into two categories Type I (associated with estrogen excess) and Type II (estrogen-independent). Early diagnosis is crucial. Treatment strategies are based on stage, histology, and patient factors. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery are the main forms of treatment. Hormone therapy may be an option for cancers that express hormone receptors. Research and public awareness campaigns are necessary because endometrial cancer is still a serious public health concern. 

Keywords: Endometrial cancer, estrogen, progesterone, uterus, receptor.