Abstract

TIRZEPATIDE: AS ANTIDIABETIC

Gautam Sharma*, Vani Madaan, Mukesh Sharma and Ashok Kumar Sharma

ABSTRACT

Tirzepatide is an innovative medication that activates glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptors, altering the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) alongside diet and exercise. In phase 3 clinical trials (SURPASS 1-5), the effectiveness and security of tirzepatide were assessed through once-weekly subcutaneous injections (5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg), either as a standalone treatment or in combination with other therapies, in individuals diagnosed with T2DM. Tirzepatide has displayed superior glycemic control concerning reductions in glycosylated hemoglobin and enhancements in fasting and postprandial glucose levels compared to other diabetes medications. Furthermore, the studies indicate a decrease in body weight (-6. 2 to -12. 9 kg),along with additional cardiovascular advantages by modifying the lipid profile, lowering blood pressure, and reducing visceral fat. Tirzepatide is connected with manageable adverse effects and is usually well tolerated, presenting a minimum risk of hypoglycemia. The SURPASS 4 clinical trial has revealed favorable cardiovascular results in individuals with T2DM who have an enhanced cardiovascular risk. In addition, promising findings from the SURMOUNT trials and ongoing SURPASS-CVOT studies are expected to provide further insights into cardiovascular safety moving forward. In this review, we have compiled the clinical trials and their results and emphasized potential future uses for tirzepatide in addressing obesity, heart failure, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

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