Abstract

DRUG-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY: A PHARMACOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON NEPHRON DAMAGE AND PROTECTION

Miss. Rukaiyya Taher Girase*, Mr. Hemant Soni, Miss. Priyanka, Mr. Gadhave Sahil Uttam, Miss. Darshana Dipak Borase and Dr. Mukesh Kumar Meena

ABSTRACT

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a significant clinical concern that contributes to both acute and chronic kidney diseases, often limiting the use of essential therapeutic agents. The nephron, the functional unit of the kidney, is highly susceptible to toxic insults due to its role in drug filtration, secretion, and reabsorption. Understanding the complex physiology of the nephron and the mechanisms by which drugs cause renal damage is critical for early detection, prevention, and treatment of nephrotoxic events. This review provides a pharmacological perspective on nephron injury, highlighting the pathophysiological mechanisms involved, commonly implicated drugs, and emerging biomarkers for diagnosis. Furthermore, it discusses current and novel pharmacological strategies to mitigate nephrotoxicity and enhance nephron protection, emphasizing the need for individualized therapyand vigilant drug monitoring.

Keywords: Drug-induced nephrotoxicity, nephron damage, renal pharmacology, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, renal hemodynamics, tubular injury, drug clearance, nephroprotective strategies, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, pharmacological interventions, d