Abstract

ENHANCING DRUG SOLUBILITY: THE POWER OF LIPID CARRIERS

Surisetty Sridevi*, Goli Harshitha, Gaddampally Vaishnavi, Gannamaneni Shrutheesha, Goddumari Mahesh and Gadipa Rajesh

ABSTRACT

Lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDS) are advanced nano-carriers designed for the effective delivery of hydrophilic, hydrophobic, or amphiphilic compounds. These systems enhance bioavailability, reduce systemic toxicity, and address drug resistance challenges by offering targeted drug delivery. Various types of lipid carrier systems, including nanoemulsions, microemulsions, lipid vesicles, and lipid nanoparticles, cater to diverse clinical applications and drug properties. Progressing beyond conventional lipid vesicles, second-generation LBDDS focus on surface modification through functionalization with molecules like polyethylene glycol (PEG), antibodies, peptides, and enzymes. PEGylation has emerged as a pivotal technique, extending circulation time and reducing immune clearance. Innovative approaches such as multi-drug and multi-receptor strategies further enhance the ability of liposomal systems to overcome drug resistance, particularly in oncology. Lipid-based formulations have expanded to encompass topical, oral, pulmonary, and parenteral applications while improving product stability, toxicity, and efficacy. By altering biodistribution, LBDDS reduce drug toxicity to sensitive organs, increasing therapeutic precision. This review highlights the novel applications of emulsions, vesicular systems, and lipid particulates while exploring functionalized strategies to advance targeted drug delivery. These formulations continue to evolve, adapting to varied active drugs and clinical requirements, making them a promising pathway for pharmaceutical innovation and patient outcomes.

Keywords: Liposomes, drug delivery, characterization, applications, Drug, biocompatible, biodegradable, bioavailability, lipids.