Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Isha Rani, Kavita Kumari* and Sanjiv Duggal

ABSTRACT

Ocular drug delivery system is a complex process due to the unique anatomy and physiology of the eye. Traditional topical administration of the eye drops often results in poor bioavailability, require frequent dosing and potentially leading to side effects. Different precorneal, dynamic, and static ocular barriers limit the delivery of medications to the intended ocular tissues. Recent advances in ocular drug delivery system have aimed to overcome these challenges. Additionally, therapeutic medication levels in target tissues are not sustained for an extended period of time. Modification of traditional topical solutions with permeation and viscosity enhancers demonstrates advancements in anterior segment medication delivery. Additionally, it involves creating traditional topical formulations including ointments, emulsions, and suspensions. Different types of nanoformulations have been introduce for anterior segments of ocular medication delivery and also in detailed about polymers used in ocular drug delivery. They have shown promise in enhancing drug penetration and retention in ocular tissues and also can provide sustained release of therapeutic agents with reducing the need for frequent dosing. Additionally, these new devices and formulations are simple to make, have a high precorneal residence length, are not or very slightly irritating, prolong drug release, and improve the bioavailability of treatments in the eyes. Despite these advances, ocular drug delivery remains a challenging field. Future research should focus on developing more efficient and targeted drug delivery system, improve drug stability and bioavailability and reducing side effects. This article provide an overview regarding the current landscape of ocular drug delivery system and highlights the different conventional and novel drug delivery system used for ocular drugs.

Keywords: Ocular drug delivery, Conventional drug delivery system, Novel drug delivery system, Barriers, Polymers.