Abstract

EMERGING THERAPIES IN CANCER TREATMENT (CAR-T CELLS, IMMUNOTHERAPY)

Raj Srivastava*, Rahul Verma, Dhananjay Kumar Sahani, Akshansh Tripathi, Anmol Dubey and Shalini Mishra

ABSTRACT

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy represents a cutting-edge form of immunotherapy that involves genetically altering a patient’s T cells to express CAR proteins on their surface, enabling them to identify and destroy cancer cells. This therapy is gaining attention as a promising strategy to enhance T cell specificity, contributing to the progress of precision medicine. While significant efforts have been made to optimize CAR-T cell therapy for blood cancers-improving its effectiveness and minimizing side effects-further research is necessary to extend its clinical application to a broader range of cancers. A major challenge remains the severe toxicities linked to cytokine release syndrome. Additional obstacles include the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor antigen variability, challenges in T cell trafficking, CAR-T cell fatigue, and reduced cytotoxic function at tumor sites. Looking ahead, CAR-T celltherapy holds potential as a key cancer treatment and may inspire innovative strategies for personalized immunotherapy. This review highlights recent advancements, particularly in combining CAR-T cells with other immunotherapies or drugs.

Keywords: (CAR)-T cell therapy, immune cell therapy, cancer, precision medicine and hematological malignancies.