Abstract

EXPLORING THE SAR AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF SULFONYLUREA DERIVATIVES: A REVIEW

Jagadeesh Panda, Purna Nagasree Kurre*, Sravya Eliganti, Anusha Dodigella and Divya Sree Achary Janakoti

ABSTRACT

MarcelJanbon made the first discovery of sulfonylureas in 1942 ashypogly cemic agents . This review thoroughly investigates thebiological activities of sulfonylurea derivatives, including their modesof action and therapeutic potential. The sulfonylurea class has threegenerations, each with improved potency and specificity in controllinginsulin secretion via pancreatic β cell receptors. Beyond theirantidiabetic characteristics, sulfonylureas show promise as anticancermedicines, with derivatives blocking ectonucleotidases and increasingchemo sensitivity in malignancies. Their efficacy extends toantibacterial, antitube rcular, antimalarial, antifungal, anti inflammatoryand anticonvulsant applications, with structural changes having asubstantial impact on their activity. Additionally, sulfonylureas havedemonstrated potential as diuretics, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and5 lipoxygenase inhibitors, opening up new treatment pathways. Thereview focuses on the structure activity relationship ( studies thatsupport these various pharmacological activities, emphasizing theimportance of functional group changes. This di verse biological profileestablishes sulfonylureas as critical chemicals in medicationdevelopment,necessitating additional research into their molecular processes and therapeuticimplications.

Keywords: Sulfonylureas, derivatives, biological activities, the structure-activity relationship (SAR), pharmacological activities.