Abstract

TO STUDY HERBAL DRUGS FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A REVIEW

Vaibhav K. Patil*, Sagar V. Patil, Dinesh B. Nikume, Bhavesh S. Patil and Vishal V. Kalal

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term condition that occurs when blood sugar levels are too high due to the body's inability to properly regulate glucose. It is primarily caused by insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production, which leads to hyperglycemia. This condition is associated with serious complications such as heart disease, kidney damage, and nerve issues. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) accounts for most diabetes cases and is influenced by factors such as obesity, lack of physical activity, and genetic predisposition. The increasing prevalence of diabetes worldwide has prompted the search for effective treatments. While conventional medications like metformin and glimepiride are commonly used, they often come with side effects. In contrast, natural remedies, particularly plant-based phenolic compounds, have shown potential as safer alternatives for managing diabetes. Herbal medications such as garlic, ginger, gurmar, curcumin, cinnamon, and aloe vera have demonstrated hypoglycemic effects. These herbs work through various mechanisms, including improving insulin sensitivity, enhancing glucose clearance, and increasing insulin secretion. For example, garlic and ginger help in lowering blood sugar by affecting insulin release, while curcumin reduces insulin resistance and enhances beta-cell function. Cinnamon mimics insulin, aiding in glucose uptake, and aloe vera improves insulin sensitivity by reducing oxidative stress.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes, Insulin Resistance, Herbal Remedies, Garlic, Ginger, Gurmar, Curcumin, Cinnamon, Aloe Vera, Blood Sugar Regulation.