Abstract

ASSESSMENT OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC PROPRETIES OF EXTRACTS, SOLUBLE FRACTIONS AND CRUDE POLYSACCHARIDES FROM SECURIDACA LONGEPEDUNCULATA FRESEN (POLYGALACEAE) ROOTS IN EXPERIMENTAL WISTAR RATS

Cimanga K. R.* and Ntondele L. M.

ABSTRACT

Extracts, soluble fractions and crude polysaccharides from Securidaca longepedunculata Freesen (Polygalaceae) roots were evaluated in vivo for their potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in animal model. In carrageenan injection induced increase paw œdema of treated rats foot (POTRF), results revealed that, at the highest oral dose of 200 mg/kg body weight, aqueous and methanol 80% extracts, soluble fractions and crude polysaccharides caused significant diminution of POTRF to values from 0.05 to 0.13 mL in 1 and 5h, corresponding to the inhibition percentages of POTRF from 66.66±0.04 to 91.66±0.03% while Diclofenac used as reference anti-infammatory product produced 0.01 mL of POTRF reduction after 5h for its inhibition by 97.22±0.03% compared to negative control with a paw œdema foot volume of 0.35 mL without inhibition of produced paw œdema (0.00±0.00%). These actions clearly demonstrate that all samples from S. longepedunculata roots and Diclofenac were endowed with anti-inflammatory effects at different levels. In the number of abdominal contortions movements (NACM) induced by the injection of acetic acid 3% (v/v), at the highest oral dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, aqueous and methanol 80% extracts, soluble fractions and crude polysaccharides reached significant decrease of NACM of treated rats to values from 5.55±0.03 to 15.08±0.04 minutes respectively, corresponding to percentage inhibitions of these numbers from 92.65±0.03 to 80.02±0.05% respectively, all compared to negative control showing NACM of 75.50±0.01 devoid with inhibitory effect of NACM (0.00±0.00%). In time latencies (TLs) test induced on hot plate, aqueous and methanol 80% extracts, soluble fractions and crude polysaccharides caused significantly decrease of TLs between 12.03±0.04 to 33.52±0.03 minutes for their percentage inhibitions from 89.67±0.04 to 71.67±0.05% respectively, all compared to negative control showing TLs of 118.36±0.03 minutes without inhibitory effect. These noticed effects in both tests clearly demonstrated that extracts, soluble fractions and polysaccharides possessed good and interesting analgesic activity in treated animals.

Keywords: with anti-inflammatory effects at different levels. In the number of abdominal contortions movements (NACM) induced by the injection of acetic acid 3% (v/v), at the highest oral dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, aqueous and methanol 80% extracts, soluble fra