Abstract

NANOPARTICLES IN SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT: ADVANCING DRUG DELIVERY FRONTIERS

Sonali Vijaykumar Magdum* and Pramodkumar J. Shirote

ABSTRACT

The poor solubility and slow dissolution rates of many drugs represent a significant challenge in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly in drug discovery and development. Nearly 40% of compounds under development are poorly water-soluble, leading to inadequate absorption, reduced bioavailability, and compromised therapeutic outcomes. Enhancing the solubility and dissolution rates of such drugs is critical for improving their in-vivo performance. Nanoparticle engineering has emerged as a promising approach, as reducing particle size to the nano range increases the interfacial surface area, thereby enhancing solubility and dissolution rate. Poor solubility often results in high variability, incomplete absorption, and reduced therapeutic efficacy, particularly for BCS Class II drugs, where solubility and dissolution rate are the rate-limiting steps for absorption. Innovative techniques for nanoparticle formation provide an effective strategy to overcome these challenges, enabling better gastrointestinal solubilityand permeability and ultimately improving oral bioavailability. This review highlights the importance of solubility enhancement and explores the role of nanoparticle engineering as a transformative solution in modern pharmaceutical development.

Keywords: Solubility, Bioavailability, Nanoparticles, Novel approaches.