Abstract

A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON RISK ASSESSMENT SCORING IN VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Pragati Shrestha*, Shekhar Yadav, Shibi Mary Thomas, Balakeshwa Ramaiah

ABSTRACT

Background: Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a major contributor to global health issues. It is the third common cause of cardiovascular mortality in Western countries and is now rapidly occurring in Asian countries. Although VTE is a leading cause of mortality among hospital patients, it is still not receiving much attention. In the current study, we studied venous thrombosis (VT) among VTE patients to assess the risk of a disease and its outcomes. Methodology: This is a prospective observational study involving a sample size of 43 patients diagnosed with VTE during the 6 months of study period. The patients who met study criteria were included in study. The study begins with data collection including age, sex, gender, co-morbidities, risk factors, laboratory investigation, and anticoagulant prescribed during hospital stay and discharge. Risk scores were comparatively studied using WELL MODEL criteria and PESI scores. Results: In this study, the most prescribed anticoagulant was Enoxaparin and least was apixaban during the hospital stay. The most common comorbidities conditions found to be hypertension 40.7% and diabetes mellitus 13.97%. The least comorbidities were dyslipidaemia, seizure, and asthma. Out of 43 patients, 22(51.16%) were male and 21(48.83%) females. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that a WELLs score greater than 1 can reliably rule out the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The risk of developing DVT increases in direct relation to the WELLs score, confirming itseffectiveness as a risk stratification tool for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Additionally, an s-PESI score above 1 is ideal for identifying both short-term and long-term mortality risks, as well as the likelihood of prolonged hospitalization. Our data can serve as a foundation for Future research in this area and can build upon our findings for further studies.

Keywords: Anticoagulants, thrombus, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis, venous thromboembolis m.