Abstract

SELENIUM-MEDIATED IMMUNODETOXIFICATION OF HEAVY METAL- EXPOSED KROILER CHICKS

*Shivani Yadav, Ruhi Tomar, Jyoti Saini, D.K. Chauhan

ABSTRACT

The current investigation evaluated the alleviating effects of selenium and ascorbic acid on haematological, biochemical, Immunological and immunohistopathological changes induced by cadmium toxicity in kroiler chicks. Cadmium is one of the most dangerous environmental bio accumulative heavy metals that concern a vital interest due to it injurious to animal and public health. The one-day old experimental chicks were divided into seven experimental groups and each group contains seven chicks. 1st group- control group, 2nd group- cadmium treated, 3rd group- selenium, 4th group- ascorbic acid (AA), 5th group- cadmium + selenium, 6th group- cadmium + ascorbic acid (AA) & 7th group- cadmium + selenium+ ascorbic acid (AA) for a 30-, 45- & 60-days feeding period. The result showed a significant reduction in TEC (Total erythrocytes count), Hb (Haemoglobin) PCV (Packed cell volume), MCHC (mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration),Protein, Glucose & Alkaline phosphatase decrease in comparison to control group and TLC (total leucocytes count), MCV (mean corpuscular volume), MCH (mean corpuscular haemoglobin), Cholesterol, Urea and acid phosphatase increase in comparison to control group induced by cadmium toxicity during the 30, 45 and 60 days post treatment. The immunological parameter T cells showed a significant decrease in comparison to control group and B cells increase in comparison to control group induced by cadmium toxicity during 30-, 45- and 60-days post treatment. The cadmium toxicity exposure group caused severe microscopic alteration in spleen and thymus architecture. The addition of ascorbic acid and selenium, singularly or in combination displayed a beneficial effect in alleviating these harmful effects of cadmium toxicity. These finding showed the possible mitigating impacts of dietary antioxidant ascorbic acid and selenium on the haematological, biochemical, immunological and immunohistopathological (Spleen & Thymus) damage induced by cadmium toxicity. Overall, our result showed an improvement in groups supplied with either selenium and ascorbic acid when compared with cadmium treated group.

Keywords: Cadmium acetate, Immunohistopathological, Haematological, Biochemical and Kroiler chicks.