Abstract

THIAZOLIDINEDIONES AS INSULIN SENSITIZERS: EFFICACY AND SAFETY CONCERNS IN DIABETES TREATMENT

Shubham Rathod*, Anurag Kadu*, Dr. Sushma Vaishanav, Dr. Pravin Wakte and Dr. Sachin Bhusari

ABSTRACT

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) represent a category of hypoglycemic agents recognized for their capacity to augment insulin sensitivity, predominantly in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Through the activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), TZDs enhance glycemic regulation and potentially confer supplementary advantages such as ameliorated lipid profiles and safeguarding against vascular complications. Notwithstanding these merits, the utilization of TZDs is linked to numerous consequential adverse reactions, encompassing an elevated susceptibility to congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, bone fractures, bladder carcinoma, weight escalation, and fluid accumulation. The intricate pharmacokinetic properties and likelihood of drug interactions further obfuscate their clinical application. Consequently, although TZDsdeliver pivotal therapeutic gains, their hazards necessitate meticulous evaluation, notably in individuals with preexisting cardiovascular ailments. Sustained investigation is imperative to optimize their utilization and devise safer substitutes that uphold effectiveness while mitigating risks.

Keywords: Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), Insulin Sensitivity, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), PPAR-?, Activation, Glycemic Control, Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs).