Abstract

PHYTOPHARMACOLOGICAL ASSETS OF GARLIC/ ALLICIN: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Md. Babar Siddique, Dr. Anuradha Mishra*, Farogh Ahsan and Negarish Zia

ABSTRACT

Human awareness drives the desire for wellness activities that improve disease resistance, which in turn raises current health risks. In addition to healthy eating and regular exercise, the public is searching for natural remedies that can boost their immune systems, such as botanical treatments. In Ayurvedic ethnomedicine, Alium sativum (A. sativum), a deciduous perennial plant in the genus (Amaryllidaceae). In India, it has already been used traditionally to prevent both acute and long-term inflammation and to encourage a healthy immunological response. Traditionally, Allium sativum has been used as a dietary supplement in the form of a decoction, either on its own or in
conjunction with other Allium sativum species medicinal plant extracts. Extensive phytochemical characterization of extracts (aqueous and alcoholic) of several Alium species has revealed the presence of more than 200 unique phytochemicals from non-overlapping chemical classes, with diterpenoids with the skeleton of a clerodane being the most common. A. sativum regulates important signaling pathways associated to cell proliferation, inflammation, and immunomodulation, according to numerous pharmacological studies. However, no thorough dereplication tests have been conducted to identify the active ingredients in diverse A. sativum extracts and fractions. In order to emphasize A. sativum's potential as an immunomodulatory dietary supplement, we will discuss the most recent data on its ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and safety in this review.

Keywords: Allicin, Aged garlic extract, Dietary supplement, Alzheimer’s disease, Neuroprotective, Anti-cancer.