COMPARATIVE PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STUDY OF WILD AND CULTIVATED VARIETIES OF AMALAKI (PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA LINN.)
Dr. Jyoti Bhagiya*, Dr. Dilip Jani, Dr. Dharmendra Jani, Dr. Amit Gohil and Dr. Suman Singh
ABSTRACT
Background: Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) fruit is highly
nutritive with a great medicinal use and the richest source of Vitamin
C. The growing popularity for Ayurveda medicine, health foods and
herbal products are enhancing the need of Amalaki fruit. Based on
Desha Bheda (Habitat) described in Ayurveda classics, there are two
types of Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) are available viz.,
Gramya (Cultivated) and Vanya (Wild). Cultivated variety is used
more often because it offers gain to the manufacturers in terms of the
amount of pulp available. To assess the difference between wild and
cultivated variety through macroscopic, microscopic and powder
microscopy this study was carried out. Methods: Matured fruits of
four varieties (Wild Amalaki, Gujarat Anand- 2, Narendra Aonla-5 and
Narendra Aonla-7) were collected, authenticated and morphological,
macroscopic and microscopic characters were documented. Observation and Result: Fruit of wild variety is smaller and strong astringent than
cultivated. WA and NA-7 varieties shows thick cuticle while GA-2 and NA-5 varieties shows
thin cuticle. WA, GA-2 and NA-5 varieties shows 2-4 layered cells of hypodermis while NA-
7 variety shows single layered cell of hypodermis. GA-2, NA-5 and NA-7 varieties shows
larger engage area of mesocarp as compared to WA. Parenchymatous cells are thick walled in
WA as compared to GA-2, NA-5 and NA-7 varieties. Conclusion: Fruit of all varieties differs
in size. Transverse section of all the four varieties shows same cellular structures with some
differentiating characters.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Amalaki, Varieties, Cultivation, Phyllanthus emblica Linn.
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