Abstract

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN PEDIATRIC POPULATIONS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

Sheik Farhad Ahamed*, Hiba Muneer, Dr. Adarsh V.V. and Dr. Ravi Kumar Nayak

ABSTRACT

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children are a serious health risk, and their frequency varies depending on the child's age and gender. This thorough analysis explores the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical significance of UTIs in children. Additionally, 1.7% of boys and 8.4% of girls may get a UTI before the age of seven, with boys being more susceptible in the early months of life. An increasing problem is the emergence of resistance to antibiotics, especially in Gram-negative bacteria that carry extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). This calls for prompt diagnosis, careful consideration when choosing antibiotics, and ongoing treatment plans. In order to better understand the effects of antibiotic resistance and enhance clinical outcomes, the review highlights the significance of continued research efforts. It is essential to educate patients on preventive measures, such as hydration and dietary choices. Furthermore, for children with overactive bladders and dysfunctional voiding, biofeedback techniques and pelvic floor muscle retraining appear to be promising interventions for managing recurrent UTIs. Research on issues like antibiotic resistance must continue because the diagnosis and treatment of paediatric UTIs are changing. Healthcare professionals can enhance the well-being of paediatric patients and lessen the negative effects of urinary tract infections (UTIs) on their health by prioritising prevention, early detection, and informed treatment strategies. This review emphasises that in order to effectively manage paediatric UTIs and promote overall urinary tract health in children, a comprehensive strategy combining medical advancements with patient education is required.

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