Abstract

NEONATAL COMPLICATION BY INVASIVE AND NON-INVASIVE USE OF MECHANICAL VENTILATION AT SHOUQ AL-KAMEESH HOSPITAL, LIBYA

Fathia M. Alfassal*, Osama A. A. Alsharif, Ahmed Saleh A. Walid and Yusuf E. M. Alrmal

ABSTRACT

Preterm infants frequently present with respiratory insufficiency requiring respiratory assistance. Invasive mechanical ventilation has been associated with several short and long term complications. Therefore, the practice of early use of non-invasive ventilation has been adopted. Most of these infants present with respiratory distress (RD) and continue to require significant respiratory support in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This article explains the pathophysiology of respiratory failure in the newborn and available methods to treat it, including continuous positive airway pressure, conventional and high-frequency mechanical ventilation. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains as one of the major morbidities among survivors of the extremely preterm infants. BPD is associated with long-term adverse pulmonary and neurological outcomes. Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and supplemental oxygen are two major risk factors for the development of BPD. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been shown to decrease the need for IMV and reduce the risk of BPD when compared to IMV. In gender both male is 39% and female is 48%, mode of delivery in caesarean section is 33.33% and normal delivery is 66.66%. BWT is divided into two categories >3kg is 57.47% and <3kg is 42.52% and finally DOA also is tabulated into >1 WK is 48.27% and <1 WK is 51.72%. In our study, the causes of admission are RDS, TTN, MAS, IDM, SPESIS, N. jaundice and others. In RDS total number of patients are 13.79%, TTN is 9%, SPESIS is 9.19% and others 18.39% respectively. The antibiotic used for patients are 1st line is %, 2nd line is % and 3rd is %. NCPAP is the most widely used non-invasive ventilation mode in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The basis of NCPAP is keeping the airways open and maintaining functional residual capacity. In MV alone 10 cases, NCPAP is 22 cases and both 55 cases. Surfactant therapy also used as Adjunctive therapy especially in Preterm babies depending on the condition(s) of babies.

Keywords: Invasive Mechanical ventilation, Non- invasive ventilation, NCPAP, Libya.