Abstract

ETHNOBOTANICAL, NUMEROUS BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PINUS WALLICHIANA- A REVIEW

Pawan Kashyap*, Mukesh Kumar, Shamim and Prabhakar Vishvakarma

ABSTRACT

Traditional remedies or pure active ingredients derived from medicinal plants are often the only option for treatment for many people in developing nations. The Pinus species that are native to the Hindu Kush Mountains, Karakoram Mountains, and Himalayan Ranges. The present review was based on the literature survey of various phytochemicals, pharmacological potentials found in the Pinus wallichiana plant through using PubMed, Scopus, and other reputed sources. With an altitude range of 1800 metres to 4300 metres, this plant can be found in extensive and luxuriant growth all along the Himalayan ranges, starting in eastern Afghanistan and continuing through Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, and China. With a straight trunk and small, downcurved limbs that are longer in solitary trees, Pinus wallichiana grows to a height of more than 50 metres, giving the tree a dome-like appearance. When young, the bark of the trunk is smooth and resinous. It has been reported for numerous chemical constituents i.e., isorhamnetin, quercetin, kaempferol, rhamnetin, kampherol, α-Pinene, β-Pinene, Myrcene, α-Terpineol etc. Since traditionally, it has been used in numerous ailments including cracked heals, eradicating abdominal worms, wound healing, influenza, antifungal etc. It has non-medical uses including thatching, roofing, shelter, fuel wood, building materials, infrastructural pieces, and furniture. In conclusion, whole plant of Pinus wallichiana has diverse active chemical moieties being responsible for their numerous pharmacological potentials. It might be used clinically once the successful toxicity studies performed using in-vitro and animal models. Obviously, it has become one of the most researched plants in few decades.

Keywords: Pinus wallichiana, phytoconstituents, pharmacological activity, kaempferol, non-medical.