Abstract

A REVIEW ON PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF POST MENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS IN ORTHOPAEDIC DEPARTMENT

Jubi Omana Biju*, Archana Vijai, Merin T. Koshy and Dr. Santhosh M. Mathews

ABSTRACT

Osteoporosis is one of the common bone disorders in humans. It makes the bone weak and brittle. Osteoporosis is a multifactorial condition and it is more common in women than men, especially after the menopausal in women osteoporosis become more prevalent. Post-menopausal osteoporosis is a common disorder that occur due to the deficiency of oestrogen and elevated follicle stimulating hormone. There are numerous risk factors that are related with this including nutritional deficiencies, smoking, physical factors and genetic factors. Diagnosis of the osteoporosis can be done by assessment of bone mass, quantitative computed tomography, Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry etc. The lifestyle modification can improve risk factors associated with osteoporosis. Management of osteoporosis includes both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches and that include Hormone replacement therapy, Selective oestrogen receptor modulators, antiresorptive agents, anabolic agents, Calcium and Vitamin D supplementation etc. This review article provides brief data about post-menopausal osteoporosis.

Keywords: Post-menopausal osteoporosis, Oestrogen, Prevention, Body mass density.