Abstract

VARIOUS CHALLENGES FOR AN OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Debashish Mohanty, Archana Pattanaik, Souvik Giri*, Swagat Lenka, Nilima Shukla

ABSTRACT

Ocular drug administration deviates through a number of anatomical and physiological restrictions, which have been a bottleneck for ophthalmologists. The static and dynamic ocular employed to reduce therapeutic agent absorption and xenobiotic entry. Thus, a conventional ocular dose form has a number of disadvantages when employed to treat ocular disorders. As a consequence, an ideal ocular methodology has always been pursued, in which a drug's bioavailability is maintained for a longer period of time. This study aims to highlight the disadvantages of traditional ocular medication and the merits of developing delivery models with inherent benefits in ocular pharmacokinetics and bioavailability improvement. These novel approaches involve on the benefits of various ocular drug delivery systems, like eye ointments, gels and use of viscosity enhancers, prodrugs, penetration enhancers, microparticles, liposomes, niosomes, ocular inserts, implants, intravitreal injections, nanoparticles, nanosuspension, microemulsion, dendrimers, in situ gels, iontophoresis and periocular injections. The data provided in this evaluation will provide a valuable information resource and reference point for further research in the field of ocular drug delivery aiming for non-invasive sustained release of drugs in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye.

Keywords: Ophthalmologists, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, Penetration enhancers, Liposomes.