Abstract

PRECISE SUMMARY ON STEM CELL THERAPY FOR CHONDROCYTE REGENERATION

Shubhada Khade*, Sujata Lataye, Sagar Raje and Vinayak Padiye

ABSTRACT

Cartilage damage is characterized by the gradual destruction of articular cartilage, a vascular connective tissue with a poor regeneration capacity. Damage to articular cartilage results in pain, swelling, and a limited range of motion due to its limited intrinsic healing ability. It can be triggered by pathologic changes caused by trauma, aging, genetic factors, and inflammation. There are several medications available to reduce pain & give primary care for OA. The gold standard cell therapy for the repair of articular cartilage defects is autologous chondrocyte implantation, with good outcomes in long term. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow or connective tissues such as fat are being pursued as alternatives for cartilage repair, and are trialed via intra-articular administration in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Early-phase clinical studies concur on safety and provide some promising insight into efficacy, but the mechanism of action remains unclear. Recent studies implicate extracellular vesicles as important mediators of MSC action, offering exciting therapeutic prospects. Our increasing understanding of the mechanisms underlying intrinsic articular cartilage maintenance and repair faster hopes that novel/ repurposed therapeutics could elicit repair through the activation of endogenous stem cells to maintain healthy joints and prevent osteoarthritis.

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