Abstract

A REVIEW ON UROLITHIASIS

Rajaputana Lakshmi Manisha*, Kalvala Navya, Bachu Bhavani, Vummarao Tejaswi and Muvvala Sudhakar

ABSTRACT

Urolithiasis is the formation of stones in the urinary system. It is also known as Urinary calculi, nephrolithiasis (Kidneys), ureterolithiasis (ureter), lithiasis, cystolithiasis (urinary bladder). The most common type of kidney stone is calcium oxalate formed at Randall's plaque on the renal papillary surfaces. The mechanism of stone formation is a complex process which results from several physicochemical events including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention of urinary stone constituents within tubular cell. Urolithiasis is a multifactorial disease which has to be studied in a broader perspective considering all the different factors resulting in stone formation. Therefore, this review has intended to provide a compiled up-to-date information on Urolithiasis.

Keywords: Urinary calculi, Matrix stones, Struvite, Ammonium xanthate, cystolithiasis.